Giuseppe Verdi could distill an entire storm of raw emotion into only a few bars, a phrase, a moment. He portrayed people utterly consumed by their passions — jealousy, ambition, love, guilt, power and desire. His soaring melodies and intricate symphonic lines bristle with the fiery, crackling intensity of his characters. Led by music director Riccardo Muti, considered the greatest interpreter of Verdi in our time, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra this season celebrates the composer’s 200th birthday.